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[116], He travelled to Haiti in 1983, where he spoke in Creole to thousands of impoverished Catholics gathered to greet him at the airport. [82] He focused on creating original literary work during his first dozen years as a priest. [342][343] John Paul II's remains, which were not exposed, were placed in front of the Basilica's main altar, where believers could pay their respect before and after the beatification mass in St. Peter's Square on 1 May 2011. The nickname gained popularity among his followers. In his mind, it all seemed connected, from the protectors to the perpetrators. [415] In 1998, when a certain German gathered various statements that were supposedly made by the pope and Cardinal Ratzinger, and then forwarded them to the Vatican in the form of a memorandum, Ratzinger responded in writing on 22 July 1998: "The only thing I can say regarding statements on Meugorje ascribed to the Holy Father and myself is that they are [frei erfunden] complete invention". [301], John Paul's successor, Benedict XVI, has not used the term directly in public speeches, but has made oblique references to "the great Pope John PaulII" in his first address from the loggia of St. Peter's Basilica, at the 20th World Youth Day in Germany 2005 when he said in Polish: "As the great Pope John PaulII would say: Keep the flame of faith alive in your lives and your people";[309] and in May 2006 during a visit to Poland where he repeatedly made references to "the great John Paul" and "my great predecessor". In the book, as quoted by Reuters, he wrote: "It is legitimate and necessary to ask oneself if this is not perhaps part of a new ideology of evil, more subtle and hidden, perhaps, intent upon exploiting human rights themselves against man and against the family. Scholars of canon law say that there is no official process for declaring a pope "Great"; the title simply establishes itself through popular and continued usage,[278][307][308] as was the case with celebrated secular leaders (for example, Alexander III of Macedon became popularly known as Alexander the Great). The time on the clock, according to John Paul II biographer George Weigel, was 5:13pm. "Znawcy ycia i dorobku" papiea komentuj", "Kamstwa w reportau o Janie Pawle II. Ian Paisley", "Quotes From Pope John Paul II On Meugorje", "Dissident theologians participate in the canonization process of Pope John Paul II", "A Statement of Reservations Concerning the Impending Beatification of Pope John Paul II", "Cracovia is about the people John Paul II", "Letters From Pope John Paul II Show Deep Friendship With Woman", Pope John Paul II letters reveal 32-year relationship with woman. [64] In Wojtya's last book, Memory and Identity, he described the 12 years of the Nazi rgime as "bestiality",[65] quoting from the Polish theologian and philosopher Konstanty Michalski. [150] John Paul II's demand to include a reference to Europe's Christian roots in the European Constitution was supported by some non-Christians, such as Joseph Weiler, a practising Orthodox Jew and renowned constitutional lawyer, who said that the EU Constitution's lack of a reference to Christianity was not a "demonstration of neutrality" but rather "a Jacobin attitude".[151]. Celik fled the scene in panic, failing to ignite his panic bomb. [55][56] Wojtya escaped by hiding in the basement of his uncle's house at 10 Tyniecka Street, while the German troops searched above. According to the Jesuit historian John W. O'Malley, the draft text Gaudium et spes that Wojtya and the Polish delegation sent "had some influence on the version that was sent to the council fathers that summer but was not accepted as the base text". The Pope also covered ecumenism and migration, among other topics, in his in-flight presser on board the papal plane from Hungary to Rome. As pope, he officially made public apologies for over 100 wrongdoings, including:[274][275][276][277]. He translated Scheler's Formalism and the Ethics of Substantive Values. Four days later, this was surprisingly witnessed, when, while reciting the Regina Caeli from his room at Gemelli Hospital where he was hospitalized, Pope John Paul II assured his forgiveness to the person who tried to assassinate him, calling him "the brother who struck me. At the same time, John Paul II was an enthusiastic supporter of European integration; in particular, he supported his native Poland's entry into the bloc. While some conservative, Catholic politicians in Poland opposed EU membership, John Paul II said: "I know that there are many in opposition to integration. [96][97] The pair exchanged personal letters over 30 years, and Stourton believes that Tymieniecka had confessed her love for Wojtya. [263], A second assassination attempt was made on 12 May 1982, just a day before the anniversary of the first attempt on his life, in Ftima, Portugal, when a man tried to stab John Paul II with a bayonet. [153], On 22 October 1996, in a speech to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences plenary session at the Vatican, John PaulII said of evolution that "this theory has been progressively accepted by researchers, following a series of discoveries in various fields of knowledge. He visited the Umayyad Mosque, a former Christian church where John the Baptist is believed to be interred,[119] where he made a speech calling for Muslims, Christians and Jews to live together. These issues included demanding a return to the Tridentine Mass,[392] as well as the repudiation of reforms instituted after the Second Vatican Council, such as the use of the vernacular language in the formerly Latin Roman Rite Mass, ecumenism, and the principle of religious liberty. A second miracle was approved on 2 July 2013, and confirmed by Pope Francis two days later. This beloved nickname stayed with Wojtya for his entire life and continues to be affectionately used, particularly by the Polish people.[84][85]. The group eventually grew to approximately 200participants, and their activities expanded to include annual skiing and kayaking trips. [390] On 18 June 1982 Calvi's body was found hanging from scaffolding beneath Blackfriars Bridge in the financial district of London. Some key elements of his strategy to "reposition the Catholic Church" were encyclicals such as Ecclesia de Eucharistia, Reconciliatio et paenitentia and Redemptoris Mater. Even stronger, however, would be the power of love and mercy, that would lead the whole subsequent journey of John Paul II's earthly life and pontificate luminously and at the same time "mysteriously". [96] According to the BBC the library had initially kept the letters from public view, partly because of John Paul's path to sainthood, but a library official announced in February 2016 the letters would be made public. Was Pope John Paul I murdered? - pillarcatholic.com The Dutch journalist Ekke Overbeek[pl] released a book on John Paul II with similar claims the following week. John Paul II attempted to improve the Catholic Church's relations with Judaism, Islam, and the Eastern Orthodox Church. Pope John Paul Pope John Paul II (1978-2005) was the victim of an assassination attempt on May 13, 1981, the feast day of Our Lady of Fatima. Father Jorge Mario Bergoglio, SJ, the future Pope Francis, was also praying during those hours. Witness to Hope; The Biography of Pope John Paul II, by George Weigel. Having played the game himself as a goalkeeper, John Paul II was a fan of English football team Liverpool, where his compatriot Jerzy Dudek played in the same position. The End and the Beginning: Pope John Paul II The Victory of Freedom, the Last Years, the Legacy . However, I must emphasise that Poland has always been an important part of Europe. [citation needed], In 1973, Wojtya met philosopher Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, the wife of Hendrik S. Houthakker, professor of economics at Stanford University and Harvard University, and member of President Nixon's Council of Economic Advisers[94][95][96] Tymieniecka collaborated with Wojtya on a number of projects including an English translation of Wojtya's book Osoba i czyn (Person and Act). [144] After John Paul II's death, both Nelson Mandela and Archbishop Desmond Tutu praised the pope for defending human rights and condemning economic injustice.[145]. "[288], On Saturday, 2 April 2005, at approximately 15:30 CEST, John Paul II spoke his final words in Polish, "Pozwlcie mi odej do domu Ojca" ("Allow me to depart to the house of the Father"), to his aides, and fell into a coma about four hours later. Wojtya adopted the name of his predecessor in tribute to him. This more prominent location, next to the Chapel of the Piet, the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament, and statues of Popes Pius XI and Pius XII was intended to allow more pilgrims to view his memorial. [391], In addition to all the criticism from those demanding modernisation, some traditionalist Catholics denounced him as well. John Paul II was hospitalised with breathing problems caused by a bout of influenza on 1 February 2005. He underwent five hours of surgery to treat his wounds. Meanwhile, Elio Toaff, the former Chief Rabbi of Rome, said that: "Remembrance of the Pope Karol Wojtya will remain strong in the collective Jewish memory because of his appeals to fraternity and the spirit of tolerance, which excludes all violence. John Paul Tucci says that the pontiff was "furious".[195]. [111] In March 2000, while visiting Jerusalem, John Paul became the first pope in history to visit and pray at the Western Wall. He began with an enormous advantage, and exploited it to the utmost: He headed the one institution that stood for the polar opposite of the Communist way of life that the Polish people hated. With that, at 10am, the Bulgarians drove off, leaving the Turks to do their dirty work. He had always carried a rosary with him and it was in the photo that he embraced Mary after This was taken as an indication by the pope, and those close to him, that he was nearing death; it would have been in accordance with his wishes to die in the Vatican. [37][38] He was the youngest of three children born to Karol Wojtya (18791941), an ethnic Pole, and Emilia Kaczorowska (18841929), who was of distant Lithuanian heritage. He dashed off, only to be grabbed by a sturdy nun, a Franciscan sister named Sister Letizia, from Bergamo. [325], In early 2006, it was reported that the Vatican was investigating a possible miracle associated with John Paul II.

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