Never before has the Black race of Central Africa, from the dawn of history to the present day, attained a condition so civilized and so improved, not only physically, but morally and intellectually. Palmer also argues that the slaves are better off with slavery, in part because of their own nature: "We know better than others that every attribute of their character fits them for dependence and servitude. showed how a defenseless animal could overcome a stronger one through cunning and deceit, a metaphor for survival as a slave. no, by 1850, less than 2,000 Southerners owned over 100 slaves and were usually politicians and aristocrats, yes, about 75% in 1860; they were mainly subsistence farmers who concentrated on corn and hogs. By the necessary course of events, if left to themselves, we must become, finally, two people. Our best stories about the vast histories and cultures of Americans with ancestry in Asia and the Pacific. This outcome was in part the result of different forms of church government; all three of these churches were organized into dioceses (or synods, in the case of the Lutherans) that were largely defined by territory; thus extreme abolitionist and proslavery views did not meet at the national level in these bodies. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. A video of the rapper Kanye West discussing slavery is a sad reminder of America's historical amnesia about the brutal realities of that institution. were located primarily in the backcountry. Interestingly, many white preachers made it a point of preaching to slave congregations; some turned their ministries exclusively to slaves. Planters' sons chose military or law careers rather than going into trade. On March 3, 1861, the day before President Abraham Lincoln's inauguration, General Winfield Scott proposed four alternatives for dealing with the secession crisis. Southern states seceded from the union in order to protect their states rights, the institution of slavery, and disagreements over tariffs. The Slavery Apologists | Encyclopedia.com Lincoln's famous "House Divided" speech of 1858 only. When you reach out to him or her, you will need the page title, URL, and the date you accessed the resource. an organization founded in 1817 to move blacks to Africa, it was a nation founded in 1822 on the West African coast as a haven for former slaves; 15,000 blacks moved there over 40 years. It is odious to make comparison; but I appeal to all sides whether the South is not equal in virtue, intelligence, patriotism, courage, disinterestedness, and all the high qualities which adorn our nature. The threat of an armed revolt alarmed Americans on both sides of the debate over slavery. Origins of the abolition movement Opposition to slavery started as a moral and religious movement centered on the belief that everyone was equal in the eyes of God. In it, the idea is presented that a country could change governments when the one in power was no longer right for the people. He is but a grown up child and must be governed as a child . I have seen them rock to and fro under the influence of their feelings, like a wood in a storm. Why Did So Many Christians Support Slavery? | Christian History Girardeau served as a Confederate chaplain during the war; after the war ended, his former slave congregants, now free men and women, implored him to "come back to preach to them as of old" (White 1911, p. 304). ." Abolition did poorly at the polls. After Emancipation, some Southern Protestants refused to revise their proslavery views. . Disquisition on Government advanced a profoundly anti-democratic argument. Gallagher, Gary W., and Alan T. Nolan, eds. When the Second Presbyterian Church of Charleston opened in 1850 to serve the slave and free black community, James Henley Thornwell delivered the dedication sermon to a crowd of both white and black congregantsa sermon that underscores how the average Southern preacher saw how slavery and religious values could coexist: The slave has rights, all the rights which belong essentially to humanity, and without which his nature could not be human or his conduct susceptible of praise or blame. While many members of the Southern clergy (some of whom were men of national distinction) privately had questions about slavery, many others did notand in fact saw slavery as sanctioned by the Bible. APUSH Chapter 12 Flashcards | Quizlet Encyclopedia.com. One of the most prominent Southern Presbyterian preachers of the time, James Henley Thornwell (18121862), pointedly referred to the conflict at hand as being "not merely [between] abolitionists and slaveholdersthey are atheists, socialists, communists, red republicans, jacobins [the radical party in the French Revolution, responsible for the Reign of Terror of 17931794] on the one side, and the friends of order and regulated freedom on the other" (Farmer 1999, p. 11). It is impossible under the deadly hatred which must spring up between the two great nations, if the present causes are permitted to operate unchecked, that we should continue under the same political system. Instead, Calhoun insisted, slavery was a "positive good.". Founder of Texas. His newspaper, The Liberator, lived up to its promise that it would not equivocate in its war against slavery. Its pages featured firsthand accounts of the horrors of slavery in the South and exposed, for many, the inhumane treatment of enslaved people on U.S. soil. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. How Antebellum Christians Justified Slavery. He advanced the idea of a concurrent majority, a majority of a separate region (that would otherwise be in the minority of the nation) with the power to veto or disallow legislation put forward by a hostile majority. Such preachers as Charles Colcock Jones (18041863) of Liberty County, Georgia, traveled from plantation house to plantation house to preach to the slave populations there. After Emancipation, some Southern Protestants refused to revise their proslavery views. Richmond, VA: J. W. Randolph, 1856. Society has the right to prevent this, and can only do so by subjecting him to domestic slavery. Black female abolitionist. System that fed slaves to the Cotton South. Biblical Reasons. Did the Confederacy have the right to secede? Planters who owned large plantation houses with at least fifty slaves made up ______ percent of the white population in the South in 1860. European settlers brought a system of slavery with them to the western hemisphere in the 1500s. In African American families in which husband and wife were often separated, who was typically considered the head of the family? The split between Northern and Southern religious leaders began well before the start of the Civil War. Moderates believed that slavery should be phased out gradually, in order to ensure the economy of the Southern states would not collapse. If political power went to a majority that was hostile to slavery, the Southand the honor of White southernerswould be imperiled. was the plantation system financially stable? Washington Irving, The Slavery Issue: Western Politics and the Compromise of 1850, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/applied-and-social-sciences-magazines/slavery-apologists, Preserving the Institution of Slavery: An Overview. in the 1820s, did the south or the north have more antislavery societies? concurrent majority:a majority of a separate region (that would otherwise be in the minority of the nation) with the power to veto or disallow legislation put forward by a hostile majority, polygenism:the idea that Black people and White people come from different origins. Slavery and Civil War Flashcards | Quizlet In the 1830s, southern apologists in the South argued that slavery was a "positive good" because it allowed an elegant lifestyle for white elites and provided protection for inferior Africans. . Southern proslavery arguments did NOT include the belief that slavery was. What basic premise underlies his ideas? he published Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World in 1829, she fought for black emancipation and women's rights in New York, he advocated the idea of mass recolonization of Africa, he escaped slavery in 1838 and gave a speech at an 1841 Massachusetts antislavery meeting; he gave lectures and published his autobiography in 1845, a political party founded in 1840 with support from political abolitionists. See also slavery. slavery actually reduced their standard of living. "The Difference in Race between Northern and Southern People." Palmer continues with the practical dimension of his argument: Need I pause to show how this system of servitude underlies and supports our material interests? Wilson, Charles Reagan. window.__mirage2 = {petok:"fnEDtBydh4cCYOf_hqpynad7Vzo8opegdVfoKL6amBI-86400-0"}; White southerners reacted strongly to abolitionists attacks on slavery. 72, No. Sig= was a weak justification for slavery and racism in the south. Boles, John B. Which identifies an advantage to slaves living on large plantations with stable slave populations? The Virginian George Fitzhugh contributed to the defense of slavery with his book Sociology for the South, or the Failure of Free Society (1854). The tariff appeared to open the door for other federal initiatives, including the abolition of slavery. In the South, however, clergy were confronted with trying to defend slavery. On the other hand, abolitionist arguments against slavery challenged proslavery apologists to push slave evangelization: If slavery was to be defended as a positive good, the slaves had to be converted to Christianity and master-slave relations had to be conducted along biblical lines. The push to abolish slavery in the United States proved more difficult because slavery was driven by domestic rather than colonial enterprises and was the social and economic base of the plantations of 11 Southern states. During the war, Confederate soldiers were optimistic about the prospects for the survival of the Confederacy and the institution of slavery well into 1864. did many blacks want to move back to Africa? how did other states react to Virginia's 1831 and 1832 policies? Affluent plantation owners thought that the middle class society in the north was terrible. There was a greater sense of community and better living conditions on plantations. . "(Wilson 1980, p. 40). Religion and Slavery | Encyclopedia.com Some felt that slaves would be too frightened and confused to be able to make a living for themselves. What Are The Hot Pools In Yellowstone Called. Terms in this set (50) The Confederate Constitution stated that each state was independent but must guarantee the gradual end of slavery in Confederate territory. Harriet Tubman was like Douglass, she too had escapedenslavement and became a prominent abolitionist. Southern states believed that a Republican government would dissolve the institution of slavery, would not honor states rights, and promote tariff laws. what did American abolitionists do in 1833? Jolted by the assault, the South became convinced that its entire way of life would be irretrievably threatened by the election to the presidency of Abraham Lincoln (November 1860), who was opposed to the spread of slavery into the Western territories.
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