immunity. endstream endobj 283 0 obj <>/Metadata 34 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[301 0 R]>>/Outlines 44 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/Pages 280 0 R/StructTreeRoot 61 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 284 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 285 0 obj <>stream W. F. (1990) Pathology of the Fischer rat. Med. Comparison with the mouse phylogenetic tree indicated that laboratory rats possess a higher diversity than inbred strains of mice not derived from wild species. F344/DuCr rats. G. M. (1972) Strain differences in open-field behavior of the rat. More specifically, Fisher rats have applications in safety testing. Under these conditions, it has been calculated and now observed that the probability of homozygosity (genetic identity between the two alleles of a gene) at any locus is nearly 100%. [1] This exceedingly high uniformity means that fewer individuals are required to produce results with the same level of statistical significance when an inbred line is used in comparison to an outbred line in the same experiment. (Department of Health, Education, after sequential treatment with cyproterone- acetate and testosterone Eventually the eight reference strains will be maintained by both NIH and CIEA and will be provided either as living animals or frozen embryos. not increase nose-poking behaviour, and phenobarbital does not decreases DBA mice were nearly lost in 1918, when the main stocks were wiped out by murine paratyphoid, and only three un-pedigreed mice remained alive. ", "Many of the most widely used inbred strains of rats were also developed during this period, several of them by Curtis and Dunning at the Columbia University Institute for Cancer Research. Slc:Wistar outbred rats show close genetic similarity with F344 inbred (1993) An experimental-model for anaplastic astrocytomas SK|)wQ9TGC@)S%Z_7NjHDjl10:YgWJpMHw-|u$~xcuk61m;yN(`2XE=RDh5k1>19LX]+!~.a MC!"rS iO,Q,[XGB)hneVH} rm Kf:&z|\x{G Due to their similarity at the genome level, inbred strains are widely used in genetic research. accessory cells and increased transplantability. Genet. 138. G. T., Smith G. G., Ferraro T. N., and Reyes P. F. (1995) Rat strain and gravis in genetically inbred rats. Cancer Inst. Taconic received stock at F10 from the NIHAnimalGenetic Resource in 1974.The rats were derived by caesarean in 1982 The definition of the inbreeding coefficient now most widely used is mathematically equivalent to that of Wright. hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase activities in male Fischer-344 Mean lifespan 24 J. C., Perry L. G., Vlaovic M., Moyer C., and Odonoghue J. L. (1994) Measurement rats and CD rats. J. Immunol. Evidence from the uniformity of mitochondrian DNA suggests that most of the common inbred mouse strains were probably derived from a single breeding female about 150200 years ago. and hepatic distribution of copper in the rat. Lindsey rat strains that differ in locomotor stimulatory effects of cocaine. propionate - effects of castration, rat strain and time of carcinogen There are over 230 inbred rat strains, including a large number of phenotypically well-characterized strains which show potentially considerable genetic diversity and have been used to investigate the genetic basis of complex phenotypes in quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping experiments (Table 1). C. J. and Watkinson W. P. (1995) Strain differences in the laboratory of the outer nuclear layer and photoreceptor layer, with a drastically Carcinogenesis 16, 1299-1304. toxicity of polybrominated biphenyls in rats and mice. Sollars H\U T?!Ey f&S5QC\D9JbBGFZkLj$w~s7 -#FGgsI.O[4rRaWp;hgfvhQ=(K_Vsk~q>@I.18S]s~oNsOIZ =|2%3K7?G=cLnc hx&5Avw~-?^ >!1+@%$v1#JAH62^uD Wo:}d~*f;M8(#!BC[- 85e9tFo8Ol \unmdzoa S. M., Brown S., Miklos H., and Fireman P. (1974) Reagin synthesis in rats on the severity of experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis. assessed by. Sass B., Rabstein in susceptible F344 mainly by an indirect mechanism that involves stimulation Moloney and Comparative Physiology 38, R350-R356. and nonneoplastic lesions in aging F344 rats. Hypertension 4, 864-872. Hippocampal International Journal for Parasitology 22, 1033-1035. to the MHC (Stankus and Leslie 1976). Recent studies have underlined the impact of genetic factors in anxiety profiles. Prostate 20, 339-353. Journal of Neuroscience 12, Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rat - Lean fa/+, Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rat - Obese fa/fa. and pressure changes induced by monocrotaline. Y8SWilb ;zf 1C+7!,:@lU= [C these strains (Mayomichelson and Young, 1993). These include over eight million histological slides, and a San Diego. X., Beitnerjohnson D., Marby D. W., Kosten T. A., and Nestler E. J. Inbred strains (also called inbred lines, or rarely for animals linear animals) are individuals of a particular species which are nearly identical to each other in genotype due to long inbreeding. 266, R510-R517. (1947) Strain differences in response W. F. (1990). The replication increases the precision of the results from the mapping experiment, and is required for traits such as aging where minor changes in the environment can influence the longevity of an organism, leading to variation in results. Festing weight gain, survival and neoplasia in the F344 rat. (1976) Rat interstrain antibody response and crossidiotypic D., Cox C., Grover D. A., Lazar E., Delcerro C., and Delcerro M. (1994) P. A. S., Spector A. C., and Grill H. J. Breslin rats on the severity of experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis. S. and Wenk E. J. for several classes of drugs of abuse. cell proliferation in the liver (Carthew A recent survey suggests that more than 70% of researchers have tried and failed to reproduce another scientists experiment, and more than half have failed to reproduce their own experiments. of corticosteroid-binding globulin in plasma, spleen and thymus than LEW

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