There are many common examples of xenocentrism that can be witnessed in daily life, such as. Continue with Recommended Cookies. He understands that an individual's poverty status is the result of larger economic situations and unemployment rates in the local community rather than the individual's personal problem. Lets take a look. A bank consistently denies loans to people of color because it believes they are unlikely to repay the amount due on time. And this belief has certainly been heightened by the effects of globalization, since the lifestyles of cultures outside of one's own have become readily available. The methods used in The Strange Situation are examples of imposed etic, meaning to study a culture from the outside and make inferences in relation to one cultures standard. a. Part of ethnocentrism is the belief that ones own race, ethnic or cultural group is the most important or that some or all aspects of its culture are superior to those of other groups. Race has a genetic and biological basis, whereas ethnicity has a political and economic basis. Recognizing Employee Contributions with Pay (. We are committed to engaging with you and taking action based on your suggestions, complaints, and other feedback. Ethnocentric people think the ways they do things is the way things should be done, and every other cultures way of doing things is unsavory or undesirable. This can lead to ethnocentrism if those outside of the West score significantly lower on intelligence scores, leading to the West having the misconception that non-western countries are less intelligent. Ethnocentrism in psychology can reduce the generalisability of findings since the researchers may not have accounted for cultural diversity. Hasa. Political Psychology,33, 887-909.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2012.00907.x, Permatasari, R. (2019). American exceptionalism often characterized by the oft-repeated saying that America is the best country in the world was coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1831. b. Modern researchers are now able to travel a lot more than they would have done in the past. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Becoming aware of these new possibilities will ultimately change the people who are exposed to the new ideas. For example, some people who move to the United States might have dreamed of fleeing their homeland to the USA since childhood because theyve loved the concept of freedom, small government, and capitalism. This idealization may then result in cultural appropriation if an individual from a majority ethic group mimics the culture of a minority ethic group without proper permission, respect, or education. The introduction of a Westernized diet has caused many Japanese to become overweight. Conclusions were drawn from the results that the results would be the same across all cultures. To assume that people from other cultures are neither mature enough nor responsible enough to consider criticism from the outside is demeaning. Ethnocentrism is the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of ones own culture. Show Answer 1 In all societies, groups, and walks of life, ethnocentrism influences how humans behave. People of Asian, German, and African cultural heritages peacefully coexist with one another and have uniform access to power and privilege in this country. Ethnocentric attitudes can lead to prejudice and discrimination based on race and the belief that one race is superior to all others. case-by-case People with different backgrounds can help each other see possibilities that they never thought were there because of limitations, or cultural proscriptions, posed by their own traditions. ethnic group Thus, when using Western-designed intelligence tests in non-western countries, there is likely to be a bias in the results since the test measures something from the benchmark of different cultural experiences. In psychology, ethnocentric behavior can occur when a researcher conducts a study in a particular culture and then states in their findings that their results can be generalized to all cultures. a. Today, a debate rages about the ritual cutting of genitals of girls in several Middle Eastern and African cultures. Unlike racial groups, ethnic groups are xenocentric in nature. b. A person who is ethnocentric will shun and look down upon other cultures and the ways they do things (also known as cultural bias). While we might not want to change our culture and traditions, we could use the theory of ethnocentrism to get to know other peoples cultures better. Similarly, an American might turn up their nose at the French eating snails. d. Race is based on physical characteristics, whereas ethnicity is based on culture and national origin. c. As part of this effort, the Canadian government placed residential schools as far from the Indian Reserves as possible. The belief that ones own cultural or ethnic group is superior to others. However, if we get go too far the other way, we end up being cultural relativists with no moral framework guiding us at all. Promotes understanding and appreciation of different cultures, and can reduce conflict between them. b. Ethnocentrism, by contrast, refers to the preference of one's own culture or country over all others. Sign up for our weekly newsletters and get: By signing in, you agree to our Terms and Conditions is the idea that people from different cultures can have relationships that acknowledge, respect and begin to understand. Ethnocentrism in the Movie "Avatar" - 878 Words | Bartleby They may also ascribe to the concept of cultural universalism. In the context of Robert K. Merton's typology of prejudice and discrimination, Antony is a(n) __________. Intelligence tests that are designed by Western researchers reflect the idea of what the West considers as being intelligent. d. Adolf Hitler decided he hated Jewish people, as well as other groups of people, and had many innocent people slaughtered in concentration camps. Hum. Solved Identify examples of ethnocentrism. Select an example - Chegg Some people view this practice disrespectful to the body of the deceased person. Hes painted as a fool for his statement, and the movie subtly indicates a Jewish ethnocentrism. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. If a group upholds the belief that other groups are inferior to them, this could result in groups discriminating against each other. These are simply two different ways of understanding the meaning of holding hands. Researchers can also use input from people from different cultures to discuss any potential methodology flaws which can lead to cultural bias. An example of this is when the United States Army used IQ tests on individuals before World War I, which was biased towards white American ideas of intelligence. After the lands were invaded, local cultures were oppressed and people were told that the must live, dress, eat, and act like Westerners. However, Western cultures may have a different idea of what qualifies as intelligence compared to other cultures. Furthermore, xenocentrism supports cultural diffusion, or the spread of cultures, which is important for people to develop a deeper understanding and acceptance of diverse ethnic groups. They experienced discrimination because many white ethnic Americans were not Protestant. We cite peer reviewed academic articles wherever possible and reference our sources at the end of our articles. Cross-cultural psychology is a branch of psychology examining how cultural factors influence human behavior. espite the fact that cultural relativism promotes the appreciation for cultural differences, it can also be problematic. This is an example of the dominant culture believing a minority cultures beliefs and practices are a threat or inferior within the space of the nation. Ethnocentrism can be avoided or reduced by studying culture using an emic approach. Ethnocentrism is a way of thinking and perceiving the world that centers on one's own cultural or ethnic group. Recognizes that each culture has its own unique standards and values that should be understood and respected. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Xenocentrism occurs when one has a preference for a foreign culture's goods, ideas, styles, and traditions over their own culture. She has worked at high schools, universities, and language institutes in China, Peru, Taiwan, and Online; furthermore, she ran an Indigenous-based education program in Maui. Recent issues of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) now include a list of culture-specific behaviors that help diagnose mental health issues accurately. By understanding what could have been cultural bias, researchers have increased their understanding of the impact of culture, cultural differences, and culture-specific behaviors. This theory was then generalized to other cultures so that what was considered the behavior of securely attached children in America should be what all children in other cultures should behave to be considered securely attached. Ethnocentrism refers to the tendency to judge other cultures on the basis of own culture. With the emic approach, researchers can immerse themselves fully into a culture and develop a deep understanding of their practices and values. Unit 3 Culture Test | Geography Quiz - Quizizz Multiple Choice Estavan faces an ethical dilemma as he must decide whether or not to hire his underqualified cousin. A few years into their marriage, her husband left her for - Heaven forbid - a Gentile. The theory of racial formation Genocide Types & Benefits of Juvenile Correction Alternatives, The Jurisdictions & Roles of French Local Government, What are Mores? The image of Paris as the fashion capital of the world. Which scenario best exemplifies ethnocentrism? Some would argue thats whats going on with the country's involvement in the Middle East. Here, they cross over from being proud of their heritage to being biased and condescending of other peoples heritage. Studentsshould always cross-check any information on this site with their course teacher. The opposite of this is xenocentrism, where you believe another culture is better than your own. This has been shown by the country's tendency to dabble in situations occurring in other nations. It involves evaluating other cultures and ethnic groups based on the standards and values of one's own group and viewing them as inferior or less important. In the Western countries, it is normal for girls to wear dresses that are short, skirts, cut sleeve clothes whereas in India, even though now it is coming to be accepted, those wearing such clothes are often judged to have a loose character it is said that girls should always be dressed in clothes covering their body, as this is ideal and thus they must not attempt to copy the west.
