stubble mulch tillage advantages and disadvantages

Dil Baugh M, Afzal MN, Raza I, Dupont PL (2011) Comparative study of different weeding methods on cotton crop under drip irrigation system. When organic mulches used in laboratory experiments were fed to termites, the death rate was so high. A few of the potential advantages of mulching have been presented in Fig. Phyto. 1996; Iles and Dosmann 1999; Martin and Poultney 1992; Montague and Kjelgren 2004). 56:2327, Vasilakoglou K, Dhima I, Eleftherohorinos LA (2006) Winter cereal cover crop mulches and inter-row cultivation effects on cotton development and grass weed suppression. 7:858867, Yobterik AC, Timmer VR (1994) Nitrogen mineralization of agro-forestry tree mulches under saline soil conditions.In: R.B. Landscapes are affected by improper mulch application at the initial stage of landscaping, so to avoid the allelopathic effects, proper composting and woody mulch will ensure no harmful effects on landscapes (Chalker-Scott 2007). Mulches help in the nutrition of many beneficial organisms which competes the incoming pathogenic spores or sometimes release the chemicals for the inhibition of pathogens; in this way, they reduce the chances of disease occurrence (Chalker-Scott 2007). J. Amer. 7. Has a role in IPM. Vertical tillage offers both benefits and challenges for farmers Organic or live mulches are most favorable than the gravel or stone mulches for proper seed germination (Montano et al. Smooth rock/stone mulch and soft ground covers also attract people due to their beauty in an aesthetic sense. 43 0 obj <> endobj Int. 14954), Houle G, Babeux P (1994) Fertilizing and mulching influence on the performance of four native woody species suitable for re-vegetation in subarctic Quebec. The mulching could affectively solve the salinity problem by enhancing water retention in soil and reducing evapotranspiration. Stubble mulch tillage or stubble mulch farming (sub-tillage) is a crop production system involving surface residues that was first used by a farmer in Georgia . Stubble Mulch Farming - ScienceDirect Soil. J. Arboric. Eco. 2015; Kader et al. ASAE 42:791797, Dahiya R, Ingwersen J, Streck T (2007) The effect of mulching and tillage on the water and temperature regimes of a loess soil: experimental findings and modeling. Pro. Mulching reduce the light penetration below the surface and act as a barrier so there is no process of photosynthesis in weeds, and in this way, weeds cannot survive without glucose formation. (2002) who discovered the root rot disease through short- and long-term mulching effects. Samarappuli L, Yogaratnam N (1984) Some aspects of moisture and soil conservation in rubber plantations. Rest. Weed control relies heavily . Res. Organic mulches also restrain many soil microbes which directly compete or degrade the pathogenic organisms with the help of many enzymatic reactions (Crohn and Bishop 1999). Needs a thorough understanding of the concept and requires careful farm management practices to be successful. Mulches could potentially minimize water runoff, improve infiltration capacity of soil, restrain weed population via shading, and perform as obstacle in evapotranspiration (Rathore et al. 19:263267, Buggeln R, Rynk R (2002) Self-heating in yard trimmings: conditions leading to spontaneous combustion. Soc. MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. A study of many years showed that organic mulches do not affect the pH of the soil, either it is acidic or alkaline (Pickering and Shepherd 2000). System Comparisons J. Zhej. 2001). Some crops, such as corn, typically produce . When the conditions of soil are poor or anaerobic, these pathogens become active and cause a great loss to the healthy crop plants (Foreman et al. Wheat straw plots showed 59.25% more efficiency of weed control than the rest of the treatments used in the experiment at maturity. 2001; Einert et al. PDF Tilian Teolian Jethrotull, Indian. Eco. Till. There was only evidence that when diseased Austrian pine foliage were used as mulch for the same species transmission of tip blight occurred (Jacobs 2005). Advantages Soil erosion and water runoff are reduced. I: effects of weed control. Mulches having high nitrogen content increase the yield of crop plants (Tilander and Bonzi, 1997). Incorporating amendments. J. Environ. When mulch is spread on the soil surface, they act as barriers in the passing of light resulting in reduced germination of small-seeded weed species. For. Disadvantages Planter modifications may be required. Montague T, Kjelgren R (2004) Energy balance of six common landscape surfaces and the influence of surface properties on gas exchange of four containerized tree species. (2007) conducted a field experiment to evaluate the impacts of mulch on soil temperature and soil water retention. Organic mulches can be decomposed by the microbes resulting in the degradation of many harmful residues and lessens the salt contamination (Gan et al. Major soil erosion. Reduces soil compaction. Mulches can act as barriers against irrigation water or beating action of rain drops which carry spores of different diseases. 1995). Motisham et al. Moderates soil temperatures, keeping it warmer on cold nights and cooler on hotdays. J. 1996). When wood chips were made from this type of pathogenic trees, there was no spread of pathogen occurred in healthy trees (Dochinger 1956). Sowing operations are difficult with ordinary equipment. Therefore, the impacts of low-cost, eco-friendly, and biodegradable mulching materials on soil microbes, nutrient balance, plant growth, and soil erosion should be explored in the future. Cite this article. J. Agric. Competition refers to the struggle of the main crop for the same resources such as water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nutrients, and physical space with the competing organism. Some of the mulches can attract pests such as rodents who find shelter in dense-type mulches (Ferm et al.1994; Merwin and Stiles 1994; Siipilehto 2001). This is the main reason of reducing the diseases using organic mulches such as straw (Bowen and Behe 1995) and woodchips (Davis 1994) in relation to polyethylene and fabric mulches. J. Res. Production Sci. Google Scholar, Chalker-Scott L (2007) Impact of mulches on landscape plants and the environment - a review. Biological Life Mulches are a good source for removal of these heavy metals from the soils (Chalker-Scott 2007). 30:832836, MacLean RH, Litsinger JA, Moody K, Watson AK, Libetario EM (2003) Impact of Gliricidiasepium and Cassia spectabilis hedgerows on weeds and insect pests of upland rice. Other advantages include reduced fuel and labor requirements. In various research studies, it was observed that when mulches were made from such type of pathogenic trees there was occurrence of pathogens in healthy plants due to the reason that most of the pathogens dried out when mulches were made as shoestring root rot pathogen (Perez-Sierra et al. J. Compost is organic mulch which is full of nutrients, fertile the soil, and is not an excellent mulch to control the weeds (Maclean et al. The nitrogen is utilized by the micro-organisms leaving behind the carbon in soil which will cause the deficiency of nitrogen in soil, and this would be indicated by the chlorosis in plants (Chalker-Scott 2007). 119:209215. When these seeds germinate, the roots become entangled in the landscaping fabric and are harder to remove. Greatest root development and density was achieved using organic mulches in relation to plastic mulch (Fausett and Rom 2001), un-mulched soil (Watson 1988), and living mulch material (Green and Watson 1989). Sci 8:299306, Ahmed M, Baiyeri KP, Echezona BC (2013) Effect of coloured polyethylene mulch and harvesting stage on growth and yield of industrial sugarcane in Nigeria. 1-9, Matthews B (1948) Report on sawdust. J. Bot. From the current study, it is concluded that usage of cereals as mulch is the effective strategy to reduce down the intensity of weeds and also to increase the cotton seed yield. hb```c`` Protect branches and buds of evergreen or semi-evergreen shrubs such asrhododendrons and viburnumsby wrapping them with burlap or protecting them with a tree guard filled with shredded leavesforinsulation. IH, MUA, and MAN proofread the paper. Advantages and Disadvantages of Mulching - Hosbeg.com 27:181194, Zajicek JM, Heilman JL (1994) Transpiration by crape myrtle cultivars surrounded by mulch, soil, and turfgrass surfaces. Himalayan Journal of Agriculture Mulching has also some other positive environmental effects such as temperature regulation of soil and plant roots, minimum nutrient losses, cut down soil erosion and compactness, and improved physical conditions of soil (Ngouajio and McGiffen 2004; Lamont 2005). Mohtisham A, Ahmad R, Ahmad Z, Aslam MR (2013) Effect of different mulches techniques on weed infestation in aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.). Possible RTK guidance costs. Even though using mulch has many benefits, in some cases, it can prove to be detrimental to your lawn or garden: Excessive mulch that is a layer more than 3 inches deep can suffocate and bury plants. 24:413. 1996). It is covered in straw containing no seed tops. Although tillage has many advantages, it also has . 2020); however, when the organic mulches decompose, they quickly come out the soil surface. 1991). The research study on this aspect is lacking. Agric. endstream endobj startxref Northeastern Weed Sci. Canad. The turf mulch (living mulch) liberates more water vapors through the evapotranspiration process and decrease the soil surface temperature due to its evaporative cooling effect (Montague and Kjelgren 2004) despite the fact that turf mulch uses more water of soil in relation to the non-living mulch materials. Top with 6 inches of straw mulch. The highest plant height (105.8cm), leaf area index (5.088), and seed cotton yield (2430kgha1) was observed in mulched plots with drip irrigation. Nalayini P (2007) Poly-mulching a case study to increase cotton productivity. Science Society 4:6570, Saikia US, Kumar A, Das S, Pradhan R, Goswami B, Wungleng VC, Ngachan SV (2014) Effect of mulching on microclimate, growth and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea) under mid-hill condition of Meghalaya. In tillage: Mulch tillage. Hrvatski i4 Medunarodni Simpozij Agronoma, Opatija, Hrvatska, 16-20 Veljace 2009, 5962, Einert AE, Guidry R, Huneycutt H (1975) Permanent mulches for landscape plantings of dwarf crape myrtles. According to Table 1, mulching can increase agricultural yield from 7 to 47% based on the results obtained in the past studies. Res. Contradictory findings also revealed that the woody mulch increased the nutrient level in soil and also in plant foliage (Arthur and Wang 1999; Pfammatter and Dessimoz 1997; Singh and Singh 1999; Szwedo and Maszczyk 2000). 57:1922, Iles JK, Dosmann MS (1999) Effect of organic and mineral mulches on soil properties and growth of Fairview Flame R red maple trees. LAU-X-126: 436-438. Privacy Outcomes of the study showed the significant effect of germination and seedling survival in relation to the pits with surface plantings using no mulch material (Kacinski 1951). Acta. 2019; Long et al. Sci. Sampathkumar et al. 2003). Borst HL, Woodburn R (1942) The effect of mulching and methods of cultivation on runoff and erosion from Muskingham silt loam. (2003), and Latha (2005) also stated 85% yield losses in cotton due to weeds. The straight or fluted coulters lightly till 2 to 3 inches of soil while they cut up and incorporate residue. The competition for the aforementioned resources could be of inter and intra specific. Mulches having low nitrogen in them can also increase the nutrition of plants and fertility of soil, e.g., straw mulch (Szwedo and Maszczyk 2000), sawdust mulch (Arthur and Wang 1999), and bark mulch (Pfammatter and Dessimoz 1997), are capable of increasing nutrient levels in foliage as well as in soil. It is the best strategy for controlling weeds of annual nature (Ahmad et 2020; Ahmad et al 2015). Sheet. Reduces cost of tillage. Plants get resistance to weed attack and other harmful pests, and in this way, there will be no use of any type of fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides.

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