what is a group of bandits called

After a short time he left his hiding place and tried his hand at smuggling. The modern state stereotypes regions within it as inhabiting a bygone era, thus rationalizing repression of legitimate regionalist, autonomist, and cultural aspirations by labeling them as banditry. The band was known as the. Other famous bandits of the eighteenth century were Nickel List, who was active around 1700 in North Germany, and Lips Tullian, who committed most of his crimes in the Saxon region of Germany. Banditry (Dao, qiangdao) in Ming China (13681644) was defined by the Ming government as robbery by force punishable by death.[6] But throughout the dynasty, people had entered into the occupation of banditry for various reasons and the occupation of banditry was fluid and temporary. They took to the hills to right some personal wrong, becoming the noble robber. The unduly positive images of historical bandits generated in folklore were offset by the negative images from politically motivated government sources. Two pioneer historians who emphasized the social aspects of banditry were Franco Molfese and Eric Hobsbawm. 139149. He eventually settled on robbery. Violence is targeted specifically against persons and properties (usually animals) of persons, and displayed through stories. kangaroos, lemurs, lions and whales illustrations with animal group names, Guzaliia Filimonova / iStock / Getty Images Plus / via Getty created by YourDictionary, geese, owls, parrots and swans illustrations with animal group names, ants, bees, flies and spiders illustration with animal group names, SENRYU / iStock / Getty Images Plus / via Getty created by YourDictionary. More than most other social phenomena, the characterization of banditry depends upon how it is approached. This means their equipment is in poor condition, and thus has somewhat lower than average stats. Local commanders and constables were responsible for apprehending bandits, but the emperors often dispatched special censors to cope with rampant banditry. Davis, John, A. Blok formulated the "principle" that the more successful a bandit, the greater the protection he enjoyed. No group has claimed responsibility for the attacks but witnesses have attributed it to "bandits", the catchall phrase for criminal gangs masterminding frequent bouts of abduction, maiming . 27 Apr. Morelia, Mexico: Instituto Michoacano de Cultura; Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. Jos Mara Lus Mora, 1999. BANDIT | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary New York, 1937. Most bandits in Corsica saw themselves as victims; they spoke about their "disgrace," "destiny," and "fate" (poveru disgraziatu). Journal ofModern Greek Studies 6 (1988): 269290. [13] They had posed such serious threat that special police attention was given to them and failure to arrest them on time incurred severer punishment (further information on Ming justice system can be found in History of criminal justice). "The 'Noble Bandit' and the Bandits of the Nobles: Brigandage and Local Community in Nineteenth-Century Andalusia." From the perspective of the modern nation-state, bandits (or brigands, a term more popular in the nineteenth century) are criminals who resist the civilizing power of the state through violence, brutality, extortion, theft, and protection rackets. In modern Italian, the equivalent word "bandito" literally means banned or a banned person. Driessen, Henk. A member of the slighted family, usually a young man, responds with violence, thereby breaking state law, and flees. Zugasti, de, J. El Bandolerismo Andaluz. As both families resort to banditry, deeming their acts of illegal violence morally just, they become marginalized. Oxford, 1987. bandit noun [ C ] us / bn.dt / uk / bn.dt / a thief with a weapon, especially one belonging to a group that attacks people traveling through the countryside Synonym brigand literary SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases Murderers & attackers abductor assailant assassin attacker basher butcher cyberbully death squad gunman highwayman It wasnt until the early 20th century that the term gained popularity. London, 1971. Calculated arbitrariness in imposing one's will and extravagant generosity are two aspects of the same phenomenon. Some standard illustrations of bats often used in language include: 'In the dark, keep an eye out for a cauldron of bats hanging inside a cave.'. Bandits were portrayed in texts as outsiders and hence dangerous, as residues from the past and hence ambiguous, or as insiders and hence admirable. Privateers sometimes went beyond their commissions, attacking vessels that didnt belong to the targeted country. Scott, James C. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. On the other hand it suggests that ordinary peasants or pastoralists, the source of national folklore and the social stratum from whom bandits were traditionally recruited, possessed the right ethnic sentiments in rejecting foreign authority, exploitation, and other abuses. Peasant idealization of bandits was also variable and a function of their subsequent political evolution. [24] Another important skill was horsemanship, especially in the Northern Capital Region, where mounted banditry concentrated. A full understanding takes into account not just the various ways in which strongmen were co-opted by the powerful but also how such men were portrayed by various strata of society. Privacy Policy. A politically powerful family could insulate bandits from police and legal authorities. Cambridge, U.K., 1977. Robbed from the rich and corrupt like monks & local magistrates and gave to the poor. It functions as a warning and a deterrence against further acts of violence. After wars, for example in the eighteenth century, veterans often roamed the country in predatory groups that some peasants regarded as bandits or brigands. ed. That peasants were often misguided and ultimately shifted their loyalties only serves to demonstrate that they are incapable by nature of taking legitimate mass political actionunless, as Rousseau intimated, they are under the leadership of the more enlightened urban elites. Bandit definition, a robber, especially a member of a gang or marauding band. In his celebrated book, Bandits (1969), Hobsbawm interpreted them as prepolitical rebels. Terror and violence often had a personal element. Bandit Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com In Sicily the bandit Salvatore Giuliano's ambiguous notoriety in the post-1945 period, created partly through extensive press coverage, derived from his expression of regional Sicilian aspirations, despite the fact that he also massacred peasants. The Brazilian "good thief," Antnio Silvino, followed the leads of his father and godfather into bandit life. She married at the age 11 to a man three times her age, but was abandoned by her husband and her family after the marriage broke down. They mostly sustained themselves by hunting wild game, but they did also commit piracy when the opportunity arose. In nineteenth-century Greece, ex-Klephts such as Theodoros Kolokotrnis used their memoirs to glorify themselves. According to Hobsbawm, bandits were symptoms of major transformations in society, but they did not themselves transform it; they were activists, not ideologues, and after World War II they disappeared. Retrieved April 27, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/banditry. In Europe banditry assumed its most important forms in rural societies, particularly in Mediterranean regions and particularly as property relations changed in the eighteenth to nineteenth centuries. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. "Banditry 2 (1982): 58-89. From the perspective of the modern nation-state, bandits (or brigands, a term more popular in the nineteenth century) are criminals who resist the civilizing power of the state through violence, brutality, extortion, theft, and protection rackets. As Paul J. Vanderwood has shown, the marginalized rural poor fomented disorder, including bandit attacks, and profited from the resulting conflict. In Anglo-American folklore Dick Turpin (17051739) is the English counterpart of Cartouche. Family feuds, endemic to the Brazilian backlands, moved Lampio to take up the outlaw life. "Social banditry" is a term invented by the historian Eric Hobsbawm in his 1959 book Primitive Rebels, a study of popular forms of resistance that also incorporate behaviour characterized as illegal. Wisbech, U.K., 1987. Some outlaws gained reputations as social bandits and were celebrated in folklore and music. These raids, in turn, endeared them to Spains colonial rivals England and France, which offered various forms of support. The two interpretations are not necessarily opposed and indeed may coexist at different levels of analysis. a group of bandits | English examples in context | Ludwig Many bandits in Corsica, Sicily, Cypress, and elsewhere embarked on their careers through personal vendettas. Erick D. Langer, Economic Change and Rural Resistance in Southern Bolivia, 18801930 (1989). "Genuine" banditry always seems to have existed in the past, never in the present. Whats interesting: Despite being a memorable term of venery, its not actually used much. The word "thug" traces its roots to the Hindi and Urdu word thag, which means thief or swindler, and which itself is derived from the Sanskrit verb sthagati (to conceal).. Throughout the early modern period, especially in the seventeenth and eighteenth century, affluent travelers and merchants as well as peasants and farmers were afraid of banditry. They are much like traditional knights, only they're a whole group, they've never been knighted and aren't members of nobility. For other uses, see, Techniques, organization, livelihood, and risks, New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (NED), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Banditry&oldid=1151452214, This page was last edited on 24 April 2023, at 04:22. had marks left on them. Fentress, James, and Chris Wickham. Inchiesta in Sicilia. He set himself up outside the community and thus as the ultimate sacrificial victim. Florence, 1977. Veritable Records of the Ming Dynasty relates that the great bandit Zhang Mao lived in a big mansion in his hometown Wenan. Pages 129149. One 1485 official report revealed that local people, some probably working as fences (see Fences in Ming China), purchased stolen animals and goods from highway bandits at lower prices.

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